The uterus
The uterus is made up of the uterine body and cervix.
The cervix
The cervix is tube-shaped and connects the uterus with the vagina. The cervix sits at the top of the vagina.
The fallopian tubes
The fallopian tubes connect to the corners of the uterus on both sides. Their only role is to transport eggs from the ovaries into the uterus; they do not produce hormones.
The ovaries
The ovaries are two small round structures that are attached to the uterus and are close to the fallopian tubes on both sides. Before menopause, they produce hormones required for a variety of things such as fertility, heart protection, and bone health.
The bladder
The bladder is on the front surface of the uterus. It is often emptied before starting surgery.
The ureters
The ureters are tubes that connect the kidneys (where urine is made) to the bladder (where urine is stored). They are located close to the ovarian and uterine blood supply.
The bowel
The bowel is located in the abdomen and pelvis. It is a very long tube that is close to the gynecologic organs.
The rectum
The rectum, which is the final portion of the bowel, is located behind the uterus.