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The function of the heart is to maintain the pressure of the blood in the circulation. This provides the organs of the body with adequate oxygen and nourishment and removes waste products.

Blood pressure is determined by two factors:

  1. Cardiac index: the volume of blood pumped by the heart per minute (scaled for body size)
  2. Peripheral resistance: the resistance of the arterial vessels to blood flow.
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Factors Controlling Cardiac Index

Cardiac Index (l/min/m²): 3.5
X
Peripheral Resistance: Medium
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Mean Arterial Pressure: 105 mmHg